Cartography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cartography - Essay Example Consequently, the capability of maps to visualize geographical information and the  geo-spatial  patterns, has made them to prominent in the  GIScience  study and process.    It was  Goodchild  who authored the concept of  GIScience  around the year 1992. He described  GIScience  as a Discipline of Science dealing with  GIS  technology and the obstructions affecting the scientific representation of  geo  spatial data.  Ã‚  Experts further elaborated on this concept and described the function of  GIScience  as addressing the fundamental research principles forming the basis of  GIS. It was also sought to be explained as application of  GIS  to solve scientific problems. From the research point of view, there is justification to conclude that visual representation of GIS data is a major concern of GIScience. These perceptions about the GIScience were further stretched by the books and journals which appeared during the beginning phase of the Sc ience. Maps aid in visual thinking and it would be logical to conclude that GIScience is the application of scientific methodology through maps to the research on GIS. While GIS attempts to represent Geo- spatial data in a methodical, and an intelligible manner through maps, GIScience attempts to address the problems arising in doing so, and further provides reference basis to interpret information represented in maps. GIScience  thus studies spatial representations in maps, map analysis and accuracy in map applications, map visualization, and other similar queries regarding use of maps for the benefit of the society. The significance of maps in the  GIScience  has automatically overlapped the traditional disciplines that deal with the Earth’s complete geographical study and environment. Further, the use of maps in  GIS  is not restricted to the above mentioned subjects, but they also deal with IT Cognitive Sciences besides dealing into artificial intelligence.  W hile it affects each of these sciences,  GIScience  and maps are not central to any of them. It is by itself a new kind of Collaborative Science involving researchers from diverse backdrops working mutually to resolve related problems. These problems being scientific in character and are also related to resource management, commerce, and administration, (Andrienko, and Andrienko, 1999)..    Referring to maps, they were the first tools to be used for representing, synthesizing, analyzing and interpreting geographical data. The rise of Geographical Information Systems has encouraged these functions further. The rigours and elaborate labour associated with the production of maps has now been reduced and there is the added convenience of being able to produce numerous versions of a map from different view points, just by clicking a specific option button or a click of the mouse. Experts haves cited the proliferation of maps, as a result of the emergence of the Internet and the Wor ld Wide Web (WWW). It may be argued also that the quality of such instant maps is no match to the product of the cartographer’s precise and painstaking labour, (Frerichs, 20001). Experts may argue that the precise and laborious map is not always a necessity for a quick grasp of a

BBC Facing Tide of Claims for Sex and Age Discrimination Essay

BBC Facing Tide of Claims for Sex and Age Discrimination - Essay Example This study discusses that figures obtained under the Freedom of Information Act show that in the past year there have been 12 cases brought by women alleging sexual discrimination at the corporation.This was up from nine in the year before and three in the year before that. There have also been a further three cases of ageism brought against the BBC by women in the last three years. The broadcaster refuses to say how many of these women it has given payments to stop an employment tribunal. But it is understood this has happened on several occasions in recent years and that is why these type of cases against the BBC have rarely if ever actually reached court. The decision to drop Moira Stuart as a TV news reader was one of the most controversial examples of perceived sexism and ageism at the BBC in recent years. This was followed by the decision to axe Miss Phillips.This paper outlines that presenters such as Selina Scott, Anna Ford and Kate Adie have also attacked the BBC's attitude towards older women amid accusations it shunts females off screen once they reach a certain age. In 2008 Miss Scott won a payout, believed to have been about [pounds sterling]250,000, from Channel Five after she said she had been offered a newsreading job only for it to be given to two younger presenters. Experts say the increase in cases could be because women have become emboldened to speak out against bosses or because the problems are actually getting worse.

Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anthropology - Essay Example Ortner declares inferiority of women at social scale as the outcome of her biological and physical composition, which not only deprives her of respect equivalent to men, but also are assigned quite different duties, obligations and responsibilities in the light of their innate physical qualities. Hence, it is nature to assign divergent responsibilities to both the genders on the basis of their mental and physical characteristics. Ortner also finds females closer to nature than males because of their tendencies, inclinations and apparent traits. The theory has been topic of discussion since it was first presented in 1972. Though the present paper also views males closer to nature in many aspects, yet it partially agrees with the notion that females have same connection with males as the nature maintains with the cultural attributes prevailing within a society. Ortner declares division of labour as the outcome of biological features of humans. In other words, nature of man’s wor k, activities, attitude, behaviour and career selection are directly dependent of his innate aptitude, physical strength, mental capabilities and gender. Consequently, man’s abilities to dominate over others also seek roots in his natural competence and inborn gifted faculties.

Self assessment analysis Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Self assessment analysis - Speech or Presentation Example The strengths and weaknesses as a public speaker are very difficult to analyze but if once they are analyzed one can implement strategies for improving on the weaknesses. Being a public speaker I have realized that I possess some of the right skills to deliver my speech which help me in maintaining my tone while giving the speech. I have confidence in delivering my speech with the right tone and volume to the audience without being loud or quiet. In the speeches that I deliver I have realized that I have the capability to evoke emotions in my audience. I make a bond between me and my audience so that they can understand each and everything that I am trying to convey. Forming a bond with the audience is the most important task as it is then that the audience would start realizing the worth of the words I am stating. I formulate my speech by myself which helps me to deliver it in the proper form that it was formulated. I define my thesis properly so that I can contain the interest of t he audience to myself. The confidence of my speech power can be seen in my delivery as I don’t stutter or stop in between while giving the speech. The usage of slang words such ‘um’ or ‘uh’ is not witnessed in my speeches. For a public speaker the most important part in a speech is where he has to emphasize on certain aspects. I have the capability to emphasize on the important points so that the audience can grasp them and judge my speech in accordance to the points I delivered. In delivering the speech I make sure that I give a critical review about a specific topic so that the audience can judge if I have the right opinion on the topic or not. All these strengths help me to deliver a speech in accordance to the requirements. Like every normal individual I also have some weaknesses which can prove to be detrimental for my speech abilities. I have the right confidence in delivering a speech but I do lack some confidence in making eye contact with th e audience which has a negative impact on them. At times I get a little nervous when I make eye contact with them and this has an impact on my speech. Another negative of my speech capabilities is that I have to write everything on a piece of paper as I tend to forget things when I reach the stage. This is a negative point for the speech because I have to see the paper again and again while delivering the speech. Another weakness that I have is that I try to go very fast in some instances where I believe that the audience is losing interest in my speech. But I go fast here only because I need to build up on the momentum of the speech. All these weaknesses can be improved if I follow some specific strategies. In order to have proper eye contact with the audience I need to practice my speech in front of a large audience so that I can get used to the audience. I need to build up on my confidence and practice my speech in front of my friends too while looking at them. This would help me to look above while I deliver my speech. This would also help me to overcome the problem of breaks when I make eye contact with them. Writing on a piece of paper is a negative and I have to learn to build up on my learning skills so that I don’t have to write them out. I have to write the main points out on a piece of paper and practice the speech in front of a known audience to see if I have grasped the necessary skills or not. If I follow all these strategies

Presidential election of 2012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Presidential election of 2012 - Essay Example However, the Republican Party in support of Romney managed to maintain control of the house representation at 233 seats, while the democrats were the majority in the senate representation with 53 seats (BBC bbc.co.uk). The 2012 U.S. elections came at a time that required special attention due to slow economic recovery, and the New Jersey Superstorm Sandy that gave people an opportunity to criticize the existing leadership. The catastrophe had called for the previous Obama government and Democratic Party to act wisely, maintain balance, and a good image before the nation that paid close attention. The quick move taken by the President Obama with the New Jersey governor, Chris Christie of the Republican Party to provide aid to the affected East Coast society, benefitted President Barack Obama in gathering support from people of New Jersey, for handling the emergency with integrity. During the last days of the campaign, the two presidential candidates had to perfect their actions and im ages towards the New Jersey disaster but as usual, it was up to the voter to decide how they related and viewed the actions of both candidates. The disaster seemed to be the last determinant of the voters’ motivation in support of their favorable candidate. Mitt Romney in his campaign marked the last Tuesday to the elections as ‘Storm Relief Events’ where he took blankets and food to the affected victims, while Obama rescheduled his activities on the following Wednesday, forfeiting the valuable time he would have had campaigning for his re-election, to focus on immediate management of the crisis, talking with the affected society and viewing the storm damage one on one (Fischer, spiegel.de). This strategy was well rewarded for Obama who Acquired 58 % of the votes in the state of New Jersey (â€Å"US election 2012† telegraph.co.uk). 1. Social Welfare Politics in North America have had along history with differentiated support of the leading political partie s that seem to be divided along racial and religious voters. Certain people tend to be associated with Democratic Party and not republican, based on their religious belief and race which end up into political debates, and in turn affect the voting pattern. The 2012 U.S. elections had a major issue surrounding the personal religious identities of the two leading presidential candidates, which well connects with the divisive social issues within religious dimensions. According to Wade, the Republican Party has more support from the whites than black based on their catholic and protestant religious faith (thesocietypages.org). There was little support for the Republican from the blacks and religiously unaffiliated (see fig. 1). Fig. 1. Republican composition based on religion from Lisa Wade. ; â€Å"Religion and Race among Democrats and Republicans†; thesocietypages.org. 15 September, 2012; Web; 12 November, 2012. On the other hand, democrats have most of their stronghold from t he societies dominated by black people and those religiously unassociated than in republican support (Wade thesocietypages.org ). Certain issues like permission of same sex marriages, the legality of abortion, inclusion of the word God on Parties platform and critical controversy of the Muslim video, set the differences between the parties and their support (see fig. 2). Fig. 2. Democrates composition based on religion from Lisa Wade. ; â€Å"Religion and Race among Democrats and Republicans†; thesocietypages.org. 15 September, 2012; Web; 12 November, 2012. Mitt Romney was initially satisfied by women making their decision on abortion, but following

What is a Woman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is a Woman - Essay Example Kant described a woman in terms of everything beautiful in this world. He believed that they contain chief ground for the contrast between the beautiful and noble qualities in human nature. He also believed that females have the ability to refine the males. In my opinion, human generation advanced a lot from the Kant era and if Kant lived in the twenty-first century, he would have definitely changed some of his opinions. Females have no hesitation in doing evil acts now. Former Indian Prime Minister Mrs. Gandhi was even dared to declare an emergency in the country in order to silence her critics and to suppress the rights of the people. Many of the evil acts in this world at present are performed by the males because of the persuasion of the females. If we cannot define a woman in terms of female qualities or behaviors, then we have only one option left; define the woman in terms of their genetic differences. Simon de Beauvoir argued that â€Å"if today femininity no longer exists, then it never existed† (Beauvoir, p.87). In other words, Simon de Beauvoir believes that femininity has not changed over the years. Simon de Beauvoir’s opinions are right only if we define femininity in terms of physical attributes. It is a fact that the physical characteristics of woman have not been changed over the years. However, the same thing cannot be said about the mental characteristics or qualities of females as described by Immanuel Kant. The modern woman has no hesitation in doing everything just like their male counterparts. ... Many of the evil acts in this world at present are performed by the males because of the persuasion of the females. If we cannot define a woman in terms of female qualities or behaviours, then we have only one option left; define the woman in terms of their genetic differences. Simon de Beauvoir argued that â€Å"if today femininity no longer exists, then it never existed† (Beauvoir, p.87). In other words, Simon de Beauvoir believes that femininity has not changed over the years. Simon de Beauvoir’s opinions are right only if we define femininity in terms of physical attributes. It is a fact that the physical characteristics of woman have not been changed over the years. However, same thing cannot be said about the mental characteristics or qualities of females as described by Immanuel Kant. Modern woman has no hesitation in doing everything just like their male counterparts. In fact they are arguing for equality in every respect and they see not differences in abilitie s of mental characteristics of males and females. They are no longer the entities which look only the beautiful side of life. Current woman are actively participating in most of the male dominant professions. Even in militaries of many countries, women play a vital role in wars and other military functions. Many of the biggest organizations in the world have women CEO’s at present. PepsiCo is one best example. In short, current women argue for equality with males in every respect and they succeeded in achieving it up to certain extent. Under such circumstances, femininity lost its meanings in the modern society. In short, if femininity or woman is defined in terms of genetic differences (ovaries and uterus), we can safely conclude that

Personal financial planning report for Ms Lucy Hargreaves Essay

Personal financial planning report for Ms Lucy Hargreaves - Essay Example The report further plans to develop and implement an appropriate action plan so that all objectives are achieved at most optimum utilisation and allocation of scarce resources. Considering the fact that the system is composed of both systematic and unsystematic risks and also that the future is uncertain, it will be logical to make some important assumptions in the report so that the outcomes appear more realistic. The report is sub-divided into separate sections highlighting specific aspects related to financial plan. For your convenience, all calculations are included and confined to the Appendices section of this report to maintain clarity of presentation. The report begins with a summary of your priorities and objectives, followed by an outline of your probable attitude towards risk. Then the report makes an assessment of your current financial situation based on the objectives and assumptions and finally the report concludes with recommendations on how you will be able to achiev e your goals. 2) Goals & Objectives 2.1) Immediate Objectives The most apparent immediate objectives are as follows: Protection of your current investments Prioritise financial security for yourself and your family considering the fact that your brother is currently unemployed and lives with your parents Prepare a coherent investment plan for investments in OEIC as the stocks are not performing well currently Protect the capital invested by investing in less risky assets as you have low appetite for risk You are concerned that you might end up paying higher taxes to authorities on your savings and investments and hence you need proper tax planning 2.2) Long-term Goals To save towards a deposit scheme on flat at some time in the near future You are also interested to join a pension scheme so as to achieve financial security even after your retirement (Age UK, 2013) Both your parents are teachers and are planning to retire in 5 years implying that investment in a pension scheme is mus t for future financial security (Standard Life, 2013) Your father has minor health issues but it would be safe to plan proper health insurance scheme in advance so that during situations of emergencies your family is protected Tax savings from incomes and investments In order to achieve the above mentioned objectives, it is important that the report considers aspects of personal retirement planning, risk management, education funding, mortgage planning, and tax planning. It is also important to remember that financial risk arise from debt obligations and hence a part of saving s and investments must also be channelled towards payment of existing liabilities or debts (like use of credit cards and unsecured debts). 3) Current Scenario Analysis On our first appointment I came to know about the fact that you have already purchased Gilt securities worth ?1,500, shortly after your graduation. The primary reason that you have invested in this type of asset class is that you consider Gilts as less risky investment. It was also given that a couple of years ago you purchased OEIC